Agencies

EOIR — Immigration courts

The Executive Office for Immigration Review is part of the U.S. Department of Justice. Its immigration courts adjudicate removal proceedings; the Board of Immigration Appeals reviews specified immigration decisions.

Published:

Responsibilities

Removal proceedings are separate from ordinary USCIS benefit processing. An immigration judge can hear defensive asylum and other forms of relief when the law gives the court jurisdiction. Filing with the wrong agency can create serious problems; use the case notices and applicable filing instructions.

What to distinguish

Published precedent decisions must be read with their facts, holding and subsequent history. Matter of M-A-M- concerns competency safeguards in removal proceedings. A summary of a decision is not a prediction about a person’s case, and a past decision may have been limited or overruled.

Primary sources

General reference information, not legal advice. A summary does not replace the statute or full decision. Check applicability and subsequent developments before filing. Publication does not imply attorney legal review or create an attorney-client relationship.

Frequently asked questions

What is EOIR — Immigration courts?

The Executive Office for Immigration Review is part of the U.S. Department of Justice. Its immigration courts adjudicate removal proceedings; the Board of Immigration Appeals reviews specified immigration decisions.

What should I check before relying on this information?

Published precedent decisions must be read with their facts, holding and subsequent history. Matter of M-A-M- concerns competency safeguards in removal proceedings. A summary of a decision is not a prediction about a person’s case, and a past decision may have been limited or overruled.

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