Scope and purpose
Not every mistake is willful or material. The exact statement, purpose, context and governing legal test must be identified. A false claim to citizenship should not be casually treated as the same ground as ordinary misrepresentation.
Related rules and practical context
Waiver availability varies by the precise ground and statutory provision. Form I-601 is not a universal cure, and Form I-601A concerns specified unlawful-presence grounds rather than all fraud issues.